![]() ![]() estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland.These catechol estradiols compete with estradiol for binding to Studies have also shown that catechol estrogens have a more carcinogenic effect on mice than estradiol. In the hypothalamus and in the pituitary glands, the concentration of catechol estrogens is found to be 10 times more than the parent estrogens. The concentration of 4-hydroxyestradiol is found to be the highest in cancerous tissues when compared with the different types of estrogens. In extrahepatic sites, CYP1B1 oxidises estrone and estradiol to 4-hydroxycatechols. In the liver, CYP3A4 oxidises estrone and estradiol to 2-hydroxycatechols and by CYP1A in extrahepatic tissues. Mechanism of conversion to Catechol estrogens : Such genotoxic effects are also produced by catechol estrogens When such sensitive tissues are exposed to such mitogenic stimulation for a prolonged period of time, it is found to lead to cancer.Įstradiols are found to cause DNA damage (sister chromatid exchange and chromosomal aberrations). These hormones are found to be highly mitogenic, especially in sensitive tissues like breast and uterus. The hormones that may be affected by these catechol estrogens include prolactin, luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone.Įstrogens are known to lead to cancer by encouraging proliferation of cells and resulting in damage. The catechol estrogens are associated with hormone regulation and can have a potent endocrine effect. Methylation of catechol estrogens to methoxy estrogens- This is associated with reduction in risk of DNA damage and an elevation in concentration of 2-methoxyestradiol (2-MeOE2), which has an antiproliferative property.3,4-Dihydroxymandelic acid (DOMA) to Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA).Dihydroxyphenylethylene glycol (DOPEG) to Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol (MOPEG).The following processes are associated with the COMT variant under study. The COMT enzyme is also associated with the breakdown of certain drugs prescribed for hypertension, Parkinson’s disease and asthma. This enzyme is associated with degrading neurotransmitters, transfering methyl groups to epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine ( catecholamines).īy uploading DNA raw data from 23andme COMT gene variant carried may be determined ,which can also be used to identify tendency for specific personality traits. The COMT gene codes for the production of catechol - O -Methyltransferase enzyme. ![]()
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